Account for AI in the environmental footprint of scientific publishing

Nature

by Giovanni Bacaro

February 24, 2026

AI-Generated Deep Dive Summary

The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in scientific publishing has grown significantly, but its environmental impact remains largely overlooked. A recent letter to the editor highlights the need for researchers and publishers to account for AI's ecological footprint when evaluating the sustainability of their work. As AI tools become more integral to research processes, understanding their energy consumption and resource requirements is critical to minimizing harm to the environment. Scientific publishing relies heavily on AI for tasks such as data analysis, paper reviews, and even generating content. While these advancements accelerate discovery and improve efficiency, they also come with a cost. The energy required to train and run machine learning models, coupled with the resources needed for hardware production, can have significant environmental consequences. For instance, training large language models often requires massive amounts of electricity, contributing to carbon emissions and straining natural resources. The letter emphasizes that researchers must consider the full lifecycle of AI tools when assessing their impact on the environment. This includes not only the energy used during operation but also the materials and manufacturing processes involved in creating AI systems. By acknowledging these factors, scientists can make more informed decisions about when and how to use AI, balancing innovation with sustainability. The implications for the scientific community are profound. As global efforts to combat climate change intensify, it becomes increasingly important for researchers to adopt practices that align with environmental goals. Incorporating AI into the equation requires a shift in mindset—one that recognizes both the benefits and the ecological trade-offs of this technology. Ultimately, accounting for AI's environmental footprint is not just an ethical imperative but a practical one. By doing so, scientists can ensure that their work contributes to a healthier planet while still driving advancements in knowledge and discovery. This approach aligns with broader sustainability goals and sets a precedent for responsible innovation in the field of scientific publishing.

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Originally published on Nature on 2/24/2026