AI, monkey brains, and the virtue of small thinking illuminate how the brain processes sight
Medical Xpress
February 25, 2026
AI-Generated Deep Dive Summary
Benjamin Cowley, an assistant professor at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, is challenging the conventional approach to understanding the brain by focusing on small-scale, biological systems rather than relying solely on artificial intelligence (AI). While AI requires massive clusters of supercomputers to mimic human-like intelligence, Cowley argues that this method doesn’t adequately help neuroscientists unravel the complexities of real brains. Instead, he advocates for a more nuanced approach, one that looks at simpler systems, like the brains of monkeys, to uncover how biological processes work.
Cowley’s research highlights the limitations of AI in replicating the intricate workings of the brain. While AI can perform tasks like recognizing patterns or making decisions, it doesn’t truly replicate human cognition or the biological mechanisms behind neural activity. By studying smaller, more manageable systems—such as the visual processing in monkeys—Cowley and other neuroscientists can gain deeper insights into how the brain functions at a fundamental level.
This approach has significant implications for medical research, particularly in understanding conditions that affect vision and cognitive processes. Cowley’s work with monkey models reveals how the brain interprets sensory information, offering valuable clues for treating disorders like amblyopia or visual impairments. By combining small-scale biological studies with AI tools, researchers can bridge the gap between theoretical models and real-world applications.
Ultimately, Cowley’s “small thinking” offers a fresh perspective on understanding the brain, emphasizing the importance of detailed, targeted research over broad, generalized approaches. This methodology not only advances our knowledge of neuroscience but also holds promise for developing more effective treatments for neurological and visual disorders, making it a critical area of study in modern medicine.
Verticals
healthmedical
Originally published on Medical Xpress on 2/25/2026