Biotech investor set to lead US National Science Foundation

Nature

by Dan Garisto

February 20, 2026

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The US National Science Foundation (NSF) is set to迎来 a new leader under President Donald Trump's nomination of Jim O’Neill, a biotechnology investor with a background in government roles. If confirmed by the Senate, O’Neill would be the first non-scientist or engineer to lead the agency, which has been a cornerstone of US basic research. The NSF has faced significant challenges over the past year, including staff reductions, budget cuts, and a relocation due to federal restructuring. These issues have created uncertainty for the agency, which funds critical scientific discoveries and technological advancements. O’Neill’s nomination marks a shift in leadership at the NSF, as he lacks a scientific or engineering background. Previously, he served as acting head of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and held administrative roles at the Department of Health and Human Services. His experience includes crafting health policy and working with prominent figures like Peter Thiel, founder of the Thiel Fellowship, which supports young entrepreneurs in science and technology. However, his lack of scientific expertise has raised concerns among the scientific community, as noted by Neal Lane, a former NSF director, who fears this could impact the agency’s focus on research and development. The NSF is currently led by Brian Stone, its chief of staff, following the abrupt resignation of Sethuraman Panchanathan in April 2025. The agency has faced significant challenges, including a 30% reduction in staff through early retirements and layoffs, as part of the Trump administration’s efforts to downsize federal agencies. Additionally, the NSF’s budget was proposed to be cut by 57%, though Congress rejected this proposal last year, keeping funding stable for now. The agency is also operating remotely after vacating its headquarters building to make way for the Department of Housing and Urban Development. O’Neill’s appointment could signal a broader shift in how federal science agencies are led, potentially prioritizing administrative and policy expertise over scientific knowledge. This change comes at a critical time for the NSF, as it works to maintain its role in fostering innovation and supporting researchers across various fields. The

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Originally published on Nature on 2/20/2026