Geographic variation seen in declines in cervical cancer incidence

Medical Xpress

February 24, 2026

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A recent study published in the *Journal of the National Cancer Institute* reveals that declines in cervical cancer incidence among young U.S. women during the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination era vary significantly by geographic region. While overall trends show a reduction in cases, particularly for invasive cervical cancers, the study highlights regional disparities, with some areas experiencing greater reductions than others. The research analyzed data from 2008 to 2017, covering the period when HPV vaccines became widely available in the U.S. It found that women living in the Northeast and West regions saw the largest declines in cervical cancer rates. These regions also tend to have higher HPV vaccination rates and better access to cervical cancer screening programs. In contrast, smaller decreases or even increases in cervical cancer incidence were observed in the South and Midwest, where HPV vaccination rates are generally lower. These findings underscore the importance of understanding geographic variations in public health outcomes. The study suggests that regional differences in HPV vaccination uptake, cervical screening practices, and access to healthcare services may contribute to these disparities. Addressing these gaps could help reduce cervical cancer rates further, particularly in areas where progress has been slower. This research matters because cervical cancer remains a significant global health issue, with HPV infection being the leading cause of most cases. The geographic variation highlights the need for targeted public health strategies to ensure equitable access to HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening. By addressing these regional disparities, policymakers and healthcare providers can work together to improve outcomes and save lives. In summary, while HPV vaccination has contributed to declining cervical cancer rates in many parts of the U.S., significant regional variations persist. These findings emphasize the importance of targeted efforts to enhance vaccine uptake and improve access to preventive care, particularly in areas where progress has been limited.

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Originally published on Medical Xpress on 2/24/2026