Historically Black US universities chase top research ranking

Nature

by Alexandra Witze

February 23, 2026

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Howard University has made history by becoming the first historically Black college or university (HBCU) in the United States to achieve R1 research status—a designation reserved for institutions with high research spending and a strong output of doctoral degrees. This milestone is significant, as it not only elevates Howard’s national standing but also attracts more funding, faculty, and students. The R1 classification, which requires universities to spend at least $50 million annually on research and award at least 70 research doctoral degrees, marks a turning point for HBCUs striving to secure their place in the top tier of research institutions. The Carnegie Classification system, which updates its criteria every three years, has made it easier for more institutions to qualify for R1 status. For example, universities aiming for R2 classification now need only spend $5 million on research annually and award 20 doctoral degrees. This shift has opened doors for HBCUs like North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (NCATSU) and Morgan State University, which are actively pursuing R1 designation. Achieving this status is seen as a gateway to increased funding opportunities and greater visibility in the research community. For HBCUs, securing R1 status is not just about recognition—it’s about equity. Historically, these institutions have faced systemic underfunding compared to predominantly white universities. Yet, despite limited resources, HBCUs like Howard have consistently produced disproportionate numbers of Black graduates in STEM fields and contributed groundbreaking research. Jaret Riddick, a defense-technology consultant, highlights the outsized impact of HBCUs on science and innovation, noting that they account for just one percent of U.S. research and development expenditure but deliver remarkable results. The push for R1 status reflects a broader shift in how HBCUs are positioning themselves in the scientific landscape. Institutions like Howard are leveraging this designation to apply for multi

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Originally published on Nature on 2/23/2026