Living tissues are shaped by self-propelled topological defects, biophysicists find
Phys.org
February 20, 2026
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A groundbreaking study by biophysicists reveals that living tissues are shaped by self-propelled topological defects—structural imperfections within biological tissues that actively move and organize. These defects, once considered passive flaws, play a crucial role in determining tissue architecture through their dynamic behavior. The research, published in *Physical Review Letters*, introduces a new mathematical model to explain how these defects influence the formation of complex tissue structures. This discovery offers fresh insights into the mechanisms behind tissue organization and could unlock answers to longstanding mysteries about organ development.
Topological defects are typically associated with materials science but have now been shown to have significant roles in biological systems. These defects, such as dislocations or folds in cellular networks, move actively within tissues, driving structural changes that shape growing tissues. The biophysicists' model demonstrates how these defects can self-propel and interact, leading to the emergence of intricate tissue patterns. This understanding challenges traditional views of tissues as passive materials and highlights the importance of active dynamics in their formation.
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Originally published on Phys.org on 2/20/2026