Long-term brain effects of COVID-19 vs. flu: Study reveals key differences
Medical Xpress
February 25, 2026
AI-Generated Deep Dive Summary
A new study by Tulane University highlights significant differences in long-term effects between COVID-19 and the flu, particularly regarding brain inflammation and small blood vessel damage. While both viruses can cause lingering lung issues, only SARS-CoV-2— the virus that causes COVID-19—has been shown to result in persistent brain inflammation and vascular injury even after the infection is no longer detectable. This discovery helps explain why some individuals struggle with prolonged recovery symptoms weeks or months after their initial illness.
The research emphasizes that even mild cases of COVID-19 can lead to these long-term complications, which are not observed to the same extent in flu patients. The study revealed that while both viruses can leave lasting lung damage, only COVID-19 causes ongoing brain inflammation and vascular issues, potentially contributing to symptoms like fatigue, cognitive fog, and other neurological problems reported by many post-COVID patients.
Understanding these differences is crucial for public health, as it underscores the importance of treating COVID-19 with the same seriousness as more severe infections. The findings also highlight the need for further research into the long-term effects of both viruses, particularly in identifying why SARS-CoV-2 has this unique impact on brain tissue and blood vessels.
For individuals recovering from COVID-19 or the flu, this study serves as a reminder that recovery times can vary widely depending on the virus. While lung damage is a common concern for both, the additional complications associated with COVID-19—such as persistent inflammation—are something to be aware of, especially for those experiencing prolonged symptoms.
This research not only advances our understanding of viral infections but also provides valuable insights into why some people struggle to fully recover after being sick. It also raises important questions about
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Originally published on Medical Xpress on 2/25/2026