"Million-year-old" fossil skulls from China are far older—and not Denisovans
Ars Technica
by
Kiona N. Smith
February 20, 2026
AI-Generated Deep Dive Summary
Two ancient skulls discovered in Yunxian, northern China, have been re-dated to approximately 1.77 million years ago, making them the oldest Homo erectus fossils found in East Asia. This discovery challenges previous assumptions that linked these remains to Denisovans and provides new insights into early human migration patterns. The findings suggest that Homo erectus spread across Asia much earlier and more rapidly than previously believed.
The skulls were initially thought to be around 1 million years old but have now been re-dated using advanced isotope analysis of quartz grains found in the sediment layer where they were discovered. This method revealed a more precise age, indicating that Homo erectus had established a presence in East Asia nearly 1.77 million years ago—just 130,000 years after the species first emerged in Africa.
The revised dating not only reshapes our understanding of early human migration but also sheds light on archaeological sites with even older stone tools found elsewhere in China. These tools were previously unexplained, but the new timeline suggests Homo erectus may have been responsible for their creation. This connection highlights the role of Homo erectus as a key player in early tool production across the continent.
The study, conducted by researchers from Shantou University and others, underscores the importance of precise dating techniques in paleoanthropology. By analyzing aluminum-26 and beryllium-10 isotopes within quartz grains, they were able to determine the skulls' age with greater accuracy. This approach exemplifies how advancements in scientific methods continue to refine our understanding of human history.
For tech-savvy readers, this breakthrough underscores the role of innovative technologies in reshaping historical narratives. The use of advanced isotope dating techniques not only solves longstanding mysteries but also opens new avenues for exploring early human migration and tool use. This discovery serves as a testament to how cutting-edge science can illuminate our past and deepen our knowledge of human evolution.
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Originally published on Ars Technica on 2/20/2026