Sea-urchin spines generate electrical signals in flowing water

Nature

by Pupa U. P. A. Gilbert

February 26, 2026

AI-Generated Deep Dive Summary

In a groundbreaking discovery, researchers have found that sea urchin spines can generate electrical signals when water flows around them. This phenomenon, known as mechanoelectrical sensing, occurs due to the unique structure of their spines, which are composed of a material called stereom. This finding opens new possibilities for developing underwater flow sensors inspired by nature. Sea urchins have long been admired for their intricate spine structures, which provide both protection and mechanical support. The study reveals that these spines, made up of interconnected struts and holes (stereom), create size gradients that allow them to convert water movement into electrical voltage. This mechanism is a novel form of sensing not previously observed in sea urchins. The ability of sea urchin spines to detect water flow could have significant applications in underwater technology. By mimicking this natural design, scientists could develop advanced sensors for monitoring ocean currents or other underwater environments. This research also contributes to the field of biomimicry, where nature-inspired solutions are applied to engineering challenges. The discovery highlights the potential for harnessing biological principles to innovate technological solutions. It

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Originally published on Nature on 2/26/2026