Ski resorts are increasingly reliant on snowmaking. But at what cost?

Grist

by Susan Shain

February 26, 2026

AI-Generated Deep Dive Summary

Ski resorts across the Western United States are facing unprecedented challenges as climate change disrupts traditional snowfall patterns. This winter has seen record-low snow cover, forcing many resorts to rely increasingly on energy-intensive snowmaking machines. While this practice helps keep ski seasons alive, it raises significant environmental and economic concerns. The lack of natural snowfall has led to operational struggles, with resorts like Arapahoe Basin in Colorado and Mt. Baker Ski Area in Washington reporting limited open runs or event cancellations. Snowmaking, though essential for survival, requires vast amounts of water and energy, creating a complex interplay between resource use and climate impacts. Historically, Western resorts have used significantly less man-made snow compared to their counterparts in the Northeast and Midwest, where snowmaking coverage exceeds 50% and 80%, respectively. However, as winters grow warmer and more unpredictable, snowmaking is becoming a critical tool for survival in the West. Experts warn that expanding snowmaking operations would require resorts to secure additional water rights—a costly and legally intricate process. This shift underscores the growing tension between skiing traditions and the environmental costs of adapting to climate change. The environmental footprint of snowmaking is substantial. Energy consumption alone accounts for about 18% of a resort’s total energy use, while water usage can reach millions of gallons annually. While much of this water returns to streams and rivers after evaporation, the timing of its use conflicts with agricultural and municipal demands. Ski resorts often operate during fall and winter when other water users are not competing for resources, but in times of scarcity, they hold junior rights, meaning they could face restrictions if senior water users need more. The origins of snowmaking date back to the mid-20th century, evolving from early experiments with ice spreading to modern high-pressure systems that spray water into freezing air. Despite technological advancements, the core environmental concerns remain: energy consumption, water scarcity, and potential ecological damage. Indigenous communities have also raised objections, citing the des

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Originally published on Grist on 2/26/2026