The environmental impacts of where your apples are grown
Phys.org
February 19, 2026
AI-Generated Deep Dive Summary
New research from Cranfield University reveals the significant environmental differences between growing apples domestically in the U.K. versus importing them from other regions like Europe or the Southern Hemisphere. The study analyzed nine years of supply chain data to assess greenhouse gas emissions and blue water scarcity, comparing these impacts across various production methods and transportation routes. This comprehensive evaluation highlights the trade-offs between local farming and global sourcing, offering valuable insights for consumers and policymakers looking to minimize environmental footprints.
The research found that domestic apple production often results in higher greenhouse gas emissions due to factors like fertilizers and machinery use, while imported apples from Europe may have lower emissions but require significant transportation. Conversely, apples sourced from the Southern Hemisphere, such as Chile or New Zealand, face challenges related to long-distance transport and water scarcity in their regions. These findings underscore the complex relationship between food production, resource use, and carbon emissions.
By examining the entire supply chain—from orchards to storage and transport—the study provides a detailed picture of how different practices affect the environment. For example, local farming might reduce transportation-related emissions but could strain local water resources if irrigation demands rise. Meanwhile, imported apples may rely on regions with abundant water supplies but contribute to higher carbon footprints due to shipping.
This research matters because it helps consumers and businesses make more informed choices about where their food comes from. Understanding the environmental trade-offs between different production methods can guide decisions that balance sustainability with accessibility. Additionally, policymakers can use this information to develop strategies that promote eco-friendly farming practices and reduce the overall environmental impact of apple production and distribution.
The study’s findings also emphasize the importance of considering both carbon emissions and water scarcity when evaluating food systems. By addressing these factors, researchers aim to support a more sustainable approach to agriculture and global trade, ultimately
Verticals
sciencephysics
Originally published on Phys.org on 2/19/2026