Why Prosecutors in Sex-Crime Cases Often Turn to Trafficking Laws

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by Debra Kamin

February 19, 2026

AI-Generated Deep Dive Summary

Federal prosecutors are increasingly turning to sex-trafficking laws in high-profile sexual assault cases, as seen with defendants like R. Kelly, Sean Combs, and Jeffrey Epstein. These charges often replace rape accusations due to the strategic advantages of trafficking laws, which are broader and include language that can cover a range of crimes. This approach is particularly useful in cases where physical evidence is scarce, making convictions harder to secure through traditional sexual assault charges. Sex-trafficking laws, part of comprehensive human trafficking statutes, define the crime as forcing someone into labor or sex through coercion, fraud, or force. These laws are appealing because they allow prosecutors to build stronger cases by focusing on patterns of abuse rather than individual incidents. The broad nature of these statutes also means they can encompass a variety of offenses, making it easier to secure convictions in complex cases. The shift toward using trafficking laws reflects the challenges of prosecuting sexual assault cases, which often rely heavily on victim testimony and may lack physical evidence. By framing cases under broader trafficking laws, prosecutors gain an additional tool to pursue justice, potentially leading to more successful prosecutions. This strategy underscores the adaptability of legal frameworks in addressing evolving criminal behaviors. The use of sex-trafficking charges also highlights the growing recognition of human trafficking as a significant issue in the U.S., with cases reported across all 50 states. As modern-day slavery continues to emerge, both state and federal authorities are leveraging these laws to combat exploitation and protect vulnerable populations, particularly minors involved in the sex trade. This trend matters because it demonstrates how legal strategies can adapt to tackle difficult crimes effectively. By expanding the scope of charges, prosecutors not only increase their chances of securing convictions but also raise awareness about the broader societal issue of human trafficking. This approach underscores the importance of understanding and addressing the complexities of sexual exploitation in contemporary law enforcement efforts.

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Originally published on NYT Homepage on 2/19/2026