You Need More Than Just Protein to Prevent Nutrient Deficiencies While On a GLP-1

Women's Health

February 20, 2026

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A new study analyzing 12 trials reveals that individuals using GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide or tirzepatide may face significant nutritional challenges due to appetite suppression, leading to reduced dietary intake and potential deficiencies in essential vitamins and minerals. While these medications are highly effective for weight loss, they can also result in a 24% to 39% drop in calorie consumption, with up to 40% of the weight loss coming from lean muscle mass rather than fat. Protein intake is critical for maintaining muscle mass, but researchers stress that relying solely on protein is insufficient. The review highlights widespread nutritional inadequacies among users of these medications, with only a small fraction of studies involving nutrition professionals or assessing nutrient intake. The study’s co-authors, including Adrian Brown, PhD, RD, and Diane Rigassio Radler, PhD, emphasize that while GLP-1 medications transform obesity and diabetes treatment, they also raise concerns about whether patients are receiving adequate nutritional support. Many participants in the analyzed studies had limited access to dietary guidance, leaving them vulnerable to deficiencies in vitamins and minerals. This is particularly concerning because rapid weight loss can lead to muscle loss, which may impact metabolism, strength, and mobility. The lack of consistent nutritional advice for GLP-1 users underscores a critical gap in patient care. Experts warn that nausea, a common side effect, further complicates efforts to ensure adequate nutrient intake. Without proper guidance, patients may not be consuming enough protein or other essential nutrients, potentially leading to long-term health issues. The researchers call for greater collaboration between healthcare providers and dietitians to address these gaps and provide tailored nutritional strategies for individuals on GLP-1 medications. For readers interested

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Originally published on Women's Health on 2/20/2026